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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oltem | om olto |
| 2SG: | oltet | ot olto |
| 3SG: | olta | ok/ogeʃ olto |
| 1PL: | oltena | ona/ogəna olto |
| 2PL: | olteda | oda/ogəda olto |
| 3PL: | oltat | ogət olto |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oltəʃəm | ʃəm olto |
| 2SG: | oltəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ olto |
| 3SG: | oltəʃ | əʃ olto |
| 1PL: | oltəʃna | əʃna olto |
| 2PL: | oltəʃda | əʃda olto |
| 3PL: | oltəʃt | əʃt olto |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oltenam | olten oməl |
| 2SG: | oltenat | olten otəl |
| 3SG: | olten | olten ogəl |
| 1PL: | oltenːa | olten onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | oltenda | olten odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | oltenət | olten ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oltem əʎe | om olto əʎe |
| 2SG: | oltet əʎe | ot olto əʎe |
| 3SG: | olta əʎe | ok/ogeʃ olto əʎe |
| 1PL: | oltena əʎe | ona/ogəna olto əʎe |
| 2PL: | olteda əʎe | oda/ogəda olto əʎe |
| 3PL: | oltat əʎe | ogət olto əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oltem ulmaʃ | om olto ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | oltet ulmaʃ | ot olto ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | olta ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ olto ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | oltena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna olto ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | olteda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda olto ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | oltat ulmaʃ | ogət olto ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oltenam əʎe | olten oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | oltenat əʎe | olten otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | olten əʎe | olten ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | oltenːa əʎe | olten onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | oltenda əʎe | olten odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | olten əʎe | olten ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oltenam ulmaʃ | olten oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | oltenat ulmaʃ | olten otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | olten ulmaʃ | olten ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | oltenːa ulmaʃ | olten onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | oltenda ulmaʃ | olten odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | olten ulmaʃ | olten ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | olto | it olto |
| 3SG: | oltəʒo | ənʒe olto |
| 1PL: | (oltena) | (ona/ogəna olto) |
| 2PL: | oltəza | ida olto |
| 3PL: | oltəʃt | ənəʃt olto |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oltənem | ənem olto |
| 2SG: | oltənet | ənet olto |
| 3SG: | oltəneʒe | əneʒ olto |
| 1PL: | oltənena | ənena olto |
| 2PL: | oltəneda | əneda olto |
| 3PL: | oltəneʃt | əneʃt olto |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | oltənem əʎe | ənem olto əʎe |
| 2SG: | oltənena əʎe | ənet olto əʎe |
| 3SG: | oltəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ olto əʎe |
| 1PL: | oltənena əʎe | ənena olto əʎe |
| 2PL: | oltəneda əʎe | əneda olto əʎe |
| 3PL: | oltəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt olto əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | oltənet ulmaʃ | ənet olto ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | oltəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ olto ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | oltəneda ulmaʃ | əneda olto ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | oltəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt olto ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | oltaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | oltəman |
| Active participle: | oltəʃo |
| Passive participle: | oltəmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | oltəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | oltədəmo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | olten |
| Negative gerund: | oltəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | oltəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | oltəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | oltəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | oltəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | oltədəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||